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Days to maturity
Seasonal yields
Sow indoors · Direct sow · Transplant outdoors
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Plant · P-081
Australian Pine
Casuarina equisetifolia
Australian Pine is an exceptional windbreak and firewood tree - actinorhizal nitrogen fixation, heartwood among the best firewoods in the world at roughly 5000 kcal/kg, and highly salt-resistant on poor saline ground - but it is hardy only to zone 9-12 and is a listed noxious and prohibited species across several US jurisdictions, making cultivation a legal question as much as a climate one wherever it is considered.
Record at a glance
Growing profile
- Sun
- Full Sun · Partial Sun
- USDA zone
- USDA 9–12
- Soil
- Sand · Loam · Clay
- Moisture
- Dry · Well-Drained · Moderate
Vertical layer
Canopy- Soil pH
- 4–8.5
- Plant type
- Evergreen Tree
- Mature height
- 98 ft
- Mature spread
- 66 ft
- Plant spacing
- 7.9–12 ft
- Root type
- Fibrous-deep
- Spread pattern
- Seed
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Allspice
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Almond
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American Beech
Fagus grandifolia
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American Elm
Ulmus americana
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The deeper layer
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- Primary
- Locked ecological function
- Secondary
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- Byproduct
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Behind the record
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